Alan Turing

Here's a time line of Alan Turing's life:

• 1912 - Born in Maida Vale, London, England, on June 23, 1912
• 1928 - Developed math and science skills as a teenager. Turing was 16 years old in 1928 and could understand Albert Einstein's work.
• 1930 - Turing's first love, Christopher Collan Morcom (13 July 1911 - 13 February 1930),died in February 1930, from complications of bovine tuberculosis. Morcom contracted bovine tuberculosis drinking infected cow's milk. Turing and Morcom both loved math and science. After Morcom's death Turing worked even harder on math and science studies working through grief.
• 1931-1934 - Turing pursues undergraduate studies at Kings College, Cambridge. Upon graduation, Turing recieved first-class honours in Mathematics
• 1935 - At age 22 Turing was elected a Fellow of King's College on the strength of his dissertation. The dissertation proved a version of the central limit theorem.
• 1936 - Turing published his paper "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem." It is one of the most influental math papers. Turing proposed and proved that his "universal computing machine" would be capable of performing any conceivable mathematical computation if it were representable as an algorithm.
• 1936 -1938 - Studied at Princeton University and got his PhD. Turing studied math and cryptology. His dissertation was "Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals." The work proposed the concept of ordinal logic and the notion of relative computing, in which Turing machines are augmented with so-called oracles, allowing the study of problems that cannot be solved by Turing machines.
• 1938 - Turing worked part-time with the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), the British codebreaking organisation. Turing concentrated on cryptanalysis of the Enigma cipher machine used by Nazi Germany. Turing worked with Dilly Knox who was a senior codebreaker at GC&CS.
• 1939 July - Polish Cipher Bureau gave the British and French details of the wiring of Enigma machine's rotors and their method of decrypting Enigma machine's messages, Turing and Knox developed a broader solution. uring and Knox developed a broader solution.The Polish method relied on an insecure indicator procedure that the Germans were likely to change, which they in fact did in May 1940. Turing's approach was more general, using crib-based decryption for which he produced the functional specification of the bombe (an improvement on the Polish Bomba).
• 1939 September - The UK declares war on Germany.
• 1939 - 1945 - Turing works at Bletchley Park, the wartime station of GC&CS. Turing works on cracking German ciphertext. The Numberphile made an awesome easy two follow videos about cracking the German Enigma cipher machine. Check those out. Video 1 Video 2
• 1945 - 1947 - Turing worked on the design of the ACE (Automatic Computing Engine) at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL)
• 1948 - Turing worked on coding a computer chess program for a theoretical computer.
• 1950 - Turing proposed the Turing Test in "Computing Machinery and Intelligence". The paper asks if computers can think. The Turing Test asks if humans thinks an interaction with a computer is another human. If a person mistakes an interaction with a computer as an interaction with a human then the computer passes the Turing Test.
• 1951 - Turing gets interested in patterns in mathematical biology.
• 1952 - Turing published "The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis". It is a paper about patterns in nature that arise naturally from a homogeneous, uniform state.
• 1952 - Turing was prosecuted in 1952 for homosexual acts in the UK. Turing could either go to prison or accept hormone treatments. These treatments were chemical castration. Turing opted for treatment instead of prison.
• 1954 - Turing died from cyanide poisoning. An inquest determined his death as a suicide, but it has been noted that the known evidence is also consistent with accidental poisoning.
• 2009 - British Prime Minister Gordon Brown made an official public apology on behalf of the British government for "the appalling way [Turing] was treated".
• 2013 - Queen Elizabeth II granted a posthumous pardon in 2013.
• 2017 - The term "Alan Turing law" is now used informally to refer to a 2017 law in the United Kingdom that retroactively pardoned men cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts.
• June 23 2021 - Alan Turing is put on a Bank of England £50 note.